Autumn has arrived! And the rains, are they ending?

“It is considered a transition season between the hot and humid summer and the cold and dry winter, mainly in Central Brazil”, explained Inmet, in a statement.

The agency added that, in the Northeast and North regions, autumn is still a time of heavy rain, especially if the Intertropical Convergence Zone persists further south of its climatological position for the period. This zone is the area where the trade winds converge, which blow from the tropics to the Equator region and which, as they are very humid, cause rain in these areas.

At the other extreme, autumn is also characterized by the arrival of cold air masses coming from the south of the continent, which cause a drop in air temperatures, mainly in the South Region and part of the Southeast Region.

“It is also worth highlighting that, during the season, it is possible to observe the first formations of adverse phenomena, such as fog in the South, Southeast and Central-West regions; frosts in the South and Southeast regions and in Mato Grosso do Sul; snow in the mountainous areas and plateaus of the South Region, and cold in the south of the North Region and in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso and even in the south of Goiás”, explained Inmet.

La Nina

According to Inmet, the phenomenon La niña has been losing intensity and forecasts indicate a ttransition to normality and subsequent formation of El Niño between late autumn and early winter. La Ninã has contributed to the occurrence of more frequent rains in the North and Northeast regions, as well as the lack of rain in the South Region of Brazil, especially in Rio Grande do Sul, during this summer that is ending.

It is a climate phenomenon caused by the cooling of the surface waters of the Pacific Ocean, which bathe western South America, in Chile, Peru, Ecuador and Colombia. This cooling alters tropical atmospheric circulation and impacts temperatures and rainfall throughout the world. El Niño is the warm phase of the phenomenon.

Curiosities

The beginning and end of the seasons are associated with astronomical phenomena called solstices (summer and winter) and equinoxes (spring and autumn), which are defined by the position of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun, as well as the tilt of the axis of rotation relative to the orbit.

This Monday, March 20th, the autumnal equinox occurs in the southern hemisphere, time when the length of the day is approximately equal to the length of the night, the same as happens at the spring equinox.

As time passes, the days become shorter and the nights longer until the winter solstice which will be on June 21st, at 11:58 am (Brasília legal time), when autumn ends and winter begins. On the summer solstice, the day has its longest peak in duration throughout the year.

(Source: Agência Brasil)

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