Brazil's candidacy, made official in May, received practically unanimous support from the other South American countries, a requirement of the United Nations (UN) for the choice, and must be officially confirmed at the end of the year, during the COP28, in Dubai. Despite this, the organization process is already underway.
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Holding an event the size of a COP will require a “great effort” from the host city and the country. According to the Secretary of Climate, Energy and Environment of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MRE), André Corrêa Lago, tens of thousands of people are expected in Belém.
“All the cities that invite the COP to take place have to make a big effort for the event. It is an event that, in recent years, has had an average of 40 to 50 people over two weeks. It is the largest United Nations conference”, he told journalists during a press conference in Belém. Most of these presences are members of the countries' civil societies, such as entities, scientists and social movements.
As a result, Belém, like other cities that have already hosted the event, needs to organize itself in terms of infrastructure, hotel capacity, restaurants, transport and aviation.
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“From what I have seen, the governor is aware of this, and President Lula too. This event is a very important occasion to ensure that Belém has improvements”, added the Itamaraty Environment Secretary. According to him, other cities benefited from improvements in traffic and infrastructure.
As it is a UN event that can bring together more than 100 heads of state in person, there is a strict security protocol, but also the event room, with different size standards according to the importance of the authorities, among other rules.
Amazon Countries
The capital of Pará is also preparing to hold, on August 8, the meeting of the eight member countries of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO). The presidents of Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela participate. A document approved at the meeting will be presented during the next United Nations Assembly, in September, in New York (USA).
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According to Ambassador Corrêa Lago, the idea of this event is to strengthen ACTO, which is a little-known organization that is still not very active on the international scene. He believes that a new dynamic for this coordination of countries can “accentuate the possibility of the Amazon being a solution for the world” in terms of climate protection.
More ambitious goals
Held for the first time in the Amazon, COP Belém, in 2025, will be the milestone of 10 years of the Paris Agreement, the main UN climate convention, signed in 2015 during COP21, in the French capital. The document established goals for reducing gas emissions that cause global warming. According to Lago, there is great international expectation about this future UN meeting in Brazil.
“The COP in Belém will be the COP 10 years after Paris. So, it is a COP that will be extremely important, because it is a conference in which countries are supposed to advance greater climate ambitions. All countries in the world must present, in Belém, at COP30, in 2025, greater ambitions to combat climate change”, he highlighted.
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The latest update on Brazil's goal in the Paris Agreement occurred in 2020, with five years of validity of the climate treaty. At the time, the government determined that the so-called National Determined Contribution (NDC) will be neutral in greenhouse gas emissions by 2060.
Neutralize the greenhouse gas emissions, according to the Paris Agreement, means changing the energy matrix to sustainable sources that do not depend on the burning of fossil fuels and that ensure that the climate does not exceed the current average by 1.5 degrees Celsius (aggressive estimate) or 2.0 degrees Celsius (conservative estimate ).
It is a shift in the economy, eliminating fossil fuels and other sources of carbon dioxide emissions wherever possible in the transportation, power generation and industrial sectors. For other sources, for every ton of carbon dioxide emitted, one ton must be compensated with climate protection measures, such as planting trees, for example.
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Until then, the National Determined Contribution (NDC), ratified by the Brazilian government, in force since 2015, predicted that by 2025 greenhouse gas emissions would be reduced to 37% compared to 2005, the year in which the country emitted approximately 2,1 billion tons of carbon dioxide. For 2030, the goal would be a reduction of 43%.
(With Brazil Agency)
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